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In the real world, the smart thing to do is to avoid conflict. Run away, go the other way; say no to indulging it and lead a peaceful conflict free life. Okay, pick yourself off the floor and stop laughing. We all know that too often human nature is to go against what is the smart thing to do.

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Whether you are in grade school, high school, adulting at work, a news media, social media butterfly, or an author writing a story, what makes tongues wag is conflict, drama. The bigger the conflict, more intense the drama, the harder people dig themselves into its destructive black heart with a twisted glee or foreshadowing sense of impending doom. Why? You’ve got me. I have no idea. It seems kind of sick, really. But, people are inexplicably drawn to the tragedy of others. They mourn for others’ torment, fear they themselves could have been the victims, and are filled with a sick relief to have been spared. Perhaps it is born of an instinct for self-preservation. To protect yourself from an enemy, be it living or circumstance, you must know of its existence and understand it in order to protect yourself from it. Like knowing that crawling into a ceramics kiln might be your best chance to survive a raging fire (a guy actually did that in the 2019/20 Australia bush fires), how to avoid getting sucked down with a sinking ship (i.e. the dude from Titanic, although I don’t know if that would work in real life), going to ground in a culvert during a tornado, silver works against werewolves, and that fear of a deity more powerful than themselves may save you from a vampire.

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As writers, we must embrace conflict. Seek it out, find insidious ways to secretly feed it, nurture it, and set it loose on our characters’ lives. It is what drives people and stories forward.
The challenge in creating conflict and building drama in your story is making it believable and fit with the story and characters. For that, you need to understand it. You also need to give it a purpose.
In both writing and real life conflict comes in different forms, within and outside of our control. At is basest level conflict is the struggle between two opposing forces; your character and what they want against an obstacle that is in their way.
Conflict creates tension, drives the story forward, and can be used to reveal weaknesses, motivations, and deeper meanings behind your characters’ actions. It can be internal (‘You’ – Joe Goldberg’s conflict with his own inner self wanting to be a better person vs. the inability to stop himself from stalking and killing again) or external (‘Alien’ – Ellen Ripley battling the queen bee alien to save herself and the little girl).
Although some will argue there are six or seven types of conflict, I have no doubt we as writers can collectively come up with well more than that. More as society and technology continues to progress. Here are some common types of conflict.
Types of Conflict:
Character vs. character
Character vs. extraterrestrial
Character vs. fate
Character vs. gods
Character vs. nature
Character vs. self
Character vs. society
Character vs. supernatural
Character vs. technology
Character vs. unknown
Your story will invariably involve one of these conflicts. It will probably have more than one woven together. Your main character may be torn by their own internal conflict, fighting their own inner demons while also pitting their beliefs in their god against their society they find themselves at odds with as they disagree with the people in their lives after learning of new technologies and sciences with the discovery of an extraterrestrial life that changes everything they thought they knew and threatens to bring destruction to the planet.
There, we have inner and outer conflict; character vs. self, character vs. god, character vs. society,
character vs. character, character vs. technology, character vs. extraterrestrial, and potentially character vs. unknown. With multiple main and secondary characters, protagonists vs. antagonists, you can have competing conflicts between various characters.

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How do you keep all these conflicts straight? Your story needs to flow, one conflict feeding the next, complimenting with and clashing against each other without leaving the reader scratching their heads in confusion and wondering if you forgot what story you were writing. Like creating character profile worksheets, you can create conflict worksheets. There is no rule on the right or wrong way to set one up. Create it to meet your needs.
Conflict worksheets can help you keep multiple conflicts straight and with brainstorming how to make them happen.
If you are keeping your conflicts simpler, you probably have no problem keeping them on track without a worksheet. However, if you are going Game of Thrones epic complicated, you may need help keeping track of who has what conflict with who/what, when, how they intertwine, and where/how they will climax and resolve.
Creating a Conflict Worksheet:
Like building a Character profile, I would start with the basics of the conflict. The more complex the conflict is, the more complicated the details will be. Think of your 5 W’s from grade school English Language Arts: Who, What, Where, When, Why, and that oddball How.
- Primary Character: Who is having the conflict
- Conflict Antagonist: Who or what are they up against
- Type of Conflict: What is the conflict
- Conflict Location: where and when does the conflict happen
- Secondary Characters: Who else is involved in the conflict
Build up the reasoning behind the conflict and the cause and effects.
- Protagonist Motivation: What motivates the character to resolve the conflict
- Antagonist Motivation: What motives the character/other to cause the conflict
* Fun note: the protagonists/antagonists of the story can be switched up in their roles in a conflict, the protagonist (hero) of the story being the antagonist in the conflict.
- Character Strengths/Flaws: How does this drive or affect the conflict and its resolution
- Internal Conflict: How is the character(s) affected internally, how they respond
- External Conflict: How is the character(s) affected externally, how they respond
- Character Development: How does the conflict change/develop the character(s)
- Story Development: How does the conflict change/develop the storyline
With every great conflict comes a great resolution. How are you going to resolve it?
- Who will resolve the conflict
- How and when they will resolve the conflict
- Character Affects: How resolving the conflict changes/affects the character(s)
- Story Affects: How resolving the conflict changes/affects the story
- Lead in: Does it lead to another conflict
- Fallout: No good conflict is truly resolved. What are the lasting after-effects? This can also give you a lead in to new conflicts that drive the story forward.
Conflicts need to be fed. With the rise and fall of a story arc, your conflicts have their own arc. They start, build, climax, ease, build to a larger climax, and finally are resolved, devolving into the fallout and picking up of the pieces. You want to build up the readers’ expectations and give them a sense of resolution without leaving a lot of loose ends. This means you need to create a little chaos and order. Come up with ways you can compound and resolve the conflict. Make a list and jot down the details.
- Action
- Advice
- Apologies
- Complaints
- Conversations
- Death
- Deflection
- Departure
- Discovery
- Dishonesty
- Empathy
- Error
- Honesty
- Inaction
- Inattention
- Incentives
- Information
- Orders
- Outside Help
- Persuasion
- Punishment
- Questions
- Reflection
- Requests
- Supplication
- Threats
- Urgency
- Violence
If you have all of this, you are ready to go forth and work your conflicts into your outline. Or, if you write by the seat of your pants like me, you may be developing this worksheet as your story progresses as a reference to keep your details straight.
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